MDN PROCEDURE FOR DAILY SAMPLING

Introduction

The standard sampling protocol for the Mercury Deposition Network (MDN) requires weekly changes of the sampling train on Tuesdays. At the request of several site sponsors, MDN is initiating a daily sampling option, which will increase the temporal resolution of the total mercury in precipitation data. Collection will be more closely correlated with precipitation events and atmospheric events (e.g., plume interceptions) than is possible in the standard weekly sampling protocol. Weekly sampling is designed to allow estimation of geographical patterns and secular trends in mercury deposition. Daily sampling will provide a means to better understand atmospheric processes and could establish relationships between emission sources or source regions and deposition to specific receptors. The MDN daily sampling protocol is patterned on the NADP/AIRMon protocol, which requires collection of a sample every day that precipitation has occurred during the previous 24 hours. A daily sample will usually reflect a single rain event; but even if there are multiple rain events during the 24-hour sampling period, the meteorology and thus the source region will likely be the same.

Procedure

1. The sampler and rain gauge should be checked each day the site is visited. If multiple visits are planned (both operators visit the site), checks should be performed on the first visit.

2. A sample should be collected and the MDN sampling train replaced if any of the following conditions is met:

a. The Belfort rain gauge records measurable precipitation

b. The event recorder indicates that the collector lid was open for more than one hour or there were 6, or more, shorter lid openings regardless of whether any precipitation was measured by the rain gauge.

c. The MDN sampling train has been installed for 7 days, even if no precipitation has been recorded and the collector lid has not opened the required amount. In other words, no sampling train should be in the field more than 7 days.

If none of these conditions is met, the sampling train should left in place.

3. When a sample is collected, the sampling train should be changed following the standard MDN protocol. A new MDN Observer Form (MOF) should be filled out for each sample even if it only includes one day. A new rain gauge chart should be installed each time the sample train is changed. The completed MOF and rain gauge chart should accompany each sample returned to the lab. Note that we may convert from the Belfort rain gauge to an automated rain gauge. If this occurs, there will be no rain gauge chart.

4. If intermittent precipitation is occurring at collection time and is expected to end shortly, the operator should wait until there is a break in the precipitation and collect the sample and rain gauge chart. If precipitation is steady and continuous, and the operator cannot remain at the site until precipitation stops, the sampling train should not be changed until the following visit. The reason for this is the high potential for the mercury sample to be contaminated if collected during a rain event.

PLEASE NOTE: Do NOT change the MDN sampling train every day or every Tuesday. A sample is only collected when precipitation has occurred during the previous 24 hours, when the sampler lid has opened for a significant amount of time, or when the sampling train has been in place for 7 days. The sampling train should be changed after being in the field for 7 days with no precipitation. This may or may not occur on a Tuesday. These “dry samples” together with their MOFs and rain gauge charts should be submitted to the lab where they will be analyzed as field blanks. Finally, it is very important that all precipitation events be sampled, even trace events with little or no measurable precipitation. In order for us to reconstruct weekly data from the daily database, we need to have all events included. In addition, significant mercury deposition may sometimes occur with very small precipitation amounts.